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source link (google.com)Birthdays are important occasions in Russia and are celebrated от всей души (wholeheartedly). The traditional greeting is С днём рождения! (Happy Birthday) although the и sound is rarely annunciated. So it sounds more like С днём рожденья or, for particularly fast-talking Russians, even с днём рожденя. Sometimes you might also hear с днём варенья (literally: happy jam day), which is used mostly to congratulate children or really good friends.
With the opening line of your greeting taken care of, let’s move on to the birthday wishes. Russians have some very formulaic пожелания (wishes) phrases that cover pretty much all the different special occasions and work well for birthdays. Some of them are
Желаю всего самого лучшего (I am wishing you all the best) is the basic one. You can start here and then elaborate.
Желаю здоровья, счастья и любви (I am wishing you health, happiness and love) is another commonly used greeting.
Желаю, чтобы у тебя всё было, а тебе за это ничего бы не было (I wish you have it all without repercussions) is ok if you are good friends with the именинница (birthday girl, woman) or именинник (birthday boy, man).
Желаю, чтобы все Ваши мечты сбылись (I wish that all your dreams come true) or Желаю всего, чего Вы сами себе желаете (I wish you all that you wish for yourself) always work. You can replace the formal Ваши (your) with an informal твои (your) for a close friend or a child.
If you end up going to a birthday party and would like to toast your friend, you can use one of the above greetings as a toast with only slight changes. Always start with Я предлагаю выпить за _______ (I propose we drink to _____). Then add a greeting, starting with Желаю ей/ему (Wishing her/him)…
Oh, and instead of the _______ use either the name of the birthday person, the word именинница or именинник, or a phrase виновница торжества (hero of the day, for a woman) or виновник торжества (hero of the day, for a man).Birthday celebrations in Russia are a big deal, and can sometimes go on for two or three days, or even longer! It is traditional for the person whose birthday it is, to provide the celebrations, food and drink for his/her guests. So if you invite a group of friends out to a restaurant for your birthday dinner, it would be traditional for you to pay for everyone. Obviously not everyone can afford to do this, so celebrations usually take place in the home with lots of food, drink and merriment.
Birthdays are good occasions to celebrate and if you know how to say happy birthday in Russian, you will not only impress everyone around but will also show a Russian birthday boy or girl you sincerely care. The most common way to say happy birthday in Russian is ‘s dnyom rozhdeniya’. It is appropriate for any situation, from a formal down to the most informal one. In an informal setting you may also opt for ‘s dnyukhoy’. But mind that it is very colloquial, mostly used by younger people and among best friends. If you feel like memorizing a longer phrase, there is a way to say happy birthday in Russian for you, too. Add ‘pozdravlyayu’ before ‘s dnyom rozhdeniya’ and it will mean an elaborate ‘I congratulate you on your birthday’. Finally, a way to say happy birthday in Russian which will never make into serious textbooks — ‘s dnyom varenya’. While ‘varenya’ is a word for ‘home-made jam’, it rhymes perfectly with ‘rozhdeniya’ from the standard phrase. Some Russians regard this phrase as slightly childish, so say it to someone who is likely to understand and appreciate.
Here are several ways to wish happy birthday in Russian :
"S Dnjom Razhdenija" or "Pazdravliayu s dniom razhdjenia!" means happy birthday, while "Pazdravlyaju s dnjom razhdenija" means "congratulations for your birthday".
You could also wish happy birthday with a russian poem such as
"Primi pozdravleniya
V svoy den' rozhdeniya.
Bud' vsegda schastlivim,
Zdorovym i l'ubimim!
Zhivi, naslazhdaisya,
Kupaisya v lubvi.
Vot vrode i vse
Pozhelania moi!"
which translates to
"Accept my congratulations
for the reasons of your Birthday.
Be always happy, healthy and loved.
Live, enjoy,
Bathe in a sea of love.
These are all I think
my wishes to you."